California Highways

No current routing.

Route 305 was never legislatively defined. However, there is a portion of a route that is known to AASHTO as I-305 for funding purposes. This segment, from the Route I-80/US50 interchange in West Sacramento to the Route 99/US50 interchange was originally part of I-80. It was redesignated as chargeable I-305 in May 1980 (and that designation remains on the books at AASHTO). Later in 1980, it was reassigned to US 50. It is currently signed as US50/Business Loop 80 until reaching jct with Route 99/US50/Business Loop 80 on east side of Sacramento.

Note: Although I-305 is not signed, and is not a state highway, the portion of the original I-305 (present-day US 50 between Route 99 to the former I-80/I-880 junction in W Sacramento) is still on the books as Federal-Aid Interstate 305. The FHWA log shows it as 8 miles.

This was part of LRN 7 and LRN 3.

• Business I-80 Strip Chart (Andrew Tompkins; XML Required)
• California @ AARoads: Business Loop I-80/Interstate 305/California 51 in Sacramento
• 3 Digit Interstates: I-305

From Route 210 near Highland northeasterly to Route 18.

In 1972, Chapter 1216 defined Route 330 as “Route 30 near Highland northeasterly to Route 18” via a transfer from Route 30.

The start of the route was changed to Route 210 by AB 1650, Ch 724, 10/10/99.

This was part of LRN 207, defined in 1937.

[SHC 263.1] Entire route.

[SHC 253.1] Entire route. Added to the Freeway and Expressway system in 1959.

A stub of this route, for about 1 mile going up City Creek, is built to freeway standards.

Overall statistics for Route 330:

• Total Length (1995): 15 miles
• Average Daily Traffic (1992): 8,500 to 9,500
• Milage Classification: Rural: 13; Sm. Urban: 0; Urbanized: 2.
• Previous Federal Aid Milage: FAP: 15 mi.
• Functional Classification: Prin. Arterial: 2 mi; Minor Arterial: 13 mi.
• Counties Traversed: San Bernardino.

From Route 79 near Aguanga to Route 74 east of Anza.

In 1974, Chapter 537 defined Route 371 via a transfer from Route 71: “Route 79 near Aguanga to Route 74 east of Anza.” It runs along Cahuilla Road.

This was the eastern end of Route 71. It was LRN 277, defined in 1959.

From the junction was LRN 78 (present-day Route 79), Route 71 continued to the W to Temecula, signed as Route 71. A short portion was cosigned as Route 71/Route 79 (the portion between the present-day Route 79/Route 371 junction and Riverside County Route R3. Route 79 continued N along present-day Riverside County Route R3, while Route 71 continued to the W. In 1966 (although historical information leads one to believe this happened in 1974), County Route R3 was defined, and Route 79 continued cosigned with Route 71 all the way to US 395 (now I-15). In 1974, that segment was resigned as Route 79 only. Route 71 then turned N, continuing up what is now I-15 to Route 91. It was cosigned briefly with Route 91 to Corona, and then continued N to Pomona. This latter segment is all that remains of Route 71.

The intersection of Route 371 and Route 79 has demonstrated itself to be a high source of accidents, with four deaths occuring in the period from July 2001 to July 2002. As a result, the intersection is being redesigned. Two-lane Route 79 is the main link between Temecula and the Warner Springs and Santa Ysabel areas of San Diego County. Two-lane Route 371 is a well-traveled back road between Southwest County and Palm Springs. Currently, the two roads converge in Aguanga where an oddly configured intersection contributes greatly to the accident count. Westbound traffic on Route 79 must stop at the intersection, while eastbound traffic on Route 79 and traffic coming down a steep curvy grade from Anza on Route 371 proceed without stopping. Beginning in Summer 2003, work started to reconfigure the intersection to force drivers heading toward Temecula to stop and turn either left of right at a "T" intersection with Route 371. Turning left would take them quickly back to Route 79. Long-term improvements will include a merger lane from Route 371 to Route 79. As of April 2008, construction had been completed: It is now a standard T intersection with 3-way stop signs. Traffic leaving Route 371 is forced to turn, while travellers on Route 79 can proceed straight through. Most of Route 371 has been newly repaved as well. Most of the mile markers on Route 371 are very weathered (similar to the section of Route 74 between Route 371 and Route 111) but are marked with mileage between PM 57 (at the south end) and PM 78 (at the north end).

"Cahuilla" Road

[SHC 253.1] Entire route. Added to the Freeway and Expressway system in 1959.

• California @ AARoads: California 371

This route is part of the De Anza National Historic Trail.

Overall statistics for Route 371:

• Total Length (1995): 21 miles
• Average Daily Traffic (1992): 2,950 to 3,950
• Milage Classification: Rural: 21; Sm. Urban: 0; Urbanized: 0.
• Previous Federal Aid Milage: FAP: 21 mi.
• Functional Classification: Minor Arterial: 21 mi.
• Counties Traversed: Riverside.

1. From Route 1 near Pacifica to Route 280 in San Bruno.

   
   

   	In 1969, Chapter 294 defined Route 380 via a transfer from Route 186 as “(a) Route 1 near Pacifica to Route 280 in San Bruno. (b) Route 280 in San Bruno to Route 101 in the vicinity of the San Francisco International Airport. (c) Route 101 in the vicinity of the San Francisco International Airport to Route 87.” This segment remains as defined in 1963. In 1970, Chapter 1473 deleted segment (c) This segment would have been signed Route 380, as it was never planned to be part of the Interstate system. It would have curled through the hills, crossed Route 1, and continued slightly west before curving south to meet Route 1 again. Terrain and seismic problems (the route would cross over the San Andreas Fault) are what killed this segment of freeway. There has been talk in times past of extending 380 to Skyline Blvd, but no serious proposal has come forth for that. According to Chris Sampang, the Sneath Lane/San Bruno Avenue exit off of I-280 (both southbound and northbound) has several signs of the planned interchange to Route 380 west: Long ramps in both directions. The ramps to Route 380 would have fed off what currently functions as a collector/distributor between Sneath and San Bruno; the whole exit complex, which crosses under Route 380 on the northbound side, is about ½ to ¾ of a mile long north/south. On both sides, there is room on the exit sign for Sneath Lane/San Bruno Ave for a shield—it is covered in greenout. Also, advance guide signs off of I-280 north point out the I-380 exit. Underneath the 380 shield, is a protruding state shield. There is some grading of the planned Route 380 west of the interchange for about ¼ mile; however, there's barely any pavement as the road fades into the trees. The sign gantry for the Route 380 ramps westbound into I-280 is very wide; this is to cover both the ramps heading to 280 and the mainline carriageway that would've gone into Pacifica. Through analysis of maps, Chris has identified a possible routing: I-380 would've continued west of the current Y interchange with I-280 first through a path between Claremont Drive and Crestmoor Drive headed to Skyline Boulevard (Route 35). Route 380 would've met near the San Bruno Avenue and Skyline Boulevard junction; most of the possible ROW is currently either forested or parkland. West of Route 35, Route 380 would've crossed the San Bruno City Limit and straddled it on the south side, following trails in the Golden Gate National Recreation Area in Sweeney Ridge as it entered Pacifica. It would follow some paved trails to the junction of Mori's Point Road, Bradford Way, and Route 1; this just also happens to be the current south end of the Route 1 freeway (and may imply that this south end of the Route 1 freeway was to have been directly connected into Route 380). Past Route 1, Route 380 would head southwest at a 20 degree angle or so away from Mori Point but towards the coast; at the coast, the freeway would make its southward turn back to Route 1.
   	This route was LRN 229, defined in 1947.
   	The Caltrans "Naming" document indicates that this section is named the "Portola" Freeway. Gaspar de Portola was California's first Spanish governor. In 1769 marched north from San Diego in command of the first party of Europeans to see San Francisco Bay. This expedition also discovered the Golden Gate and Carquinez Straits. He founded the presidio at Monterey and aided in establishing Mission San Carlos. Named by Assembly Concurrent Resolution 113, Chapt. 217 in 1970.
   	Part (1) is unconstructed.

   
   

2. From Route 280 in San Bruno to Route 101 in the vicinity of the San Francisco International Airport.

   
   

   	In 1969, Chapter 294 defined Route 380 via a transfer from Route 186 as “(a) Route 1 near Pacifica to Route 280 in San Bruno. (b) Route 280 in San Bruno to Route 101 in the vicinity of the San Francisco International Airport. (c) Route 101 in the vicinity of the San Francisco International Airport to Route 87.” This segment remains as defined in 1963. In 1970, Chapter 1473 deleted segment (c) This segment was authorized for interstate construction by the December 1968 Federal Aid Highway Act, which provided $31.2 milllion for construction of the 1.6 mile segment.
   	This route was LRN 229, defined in 1947.
   	Interstate 380 from Route 101 to Interstate 280 is named the "Portola" Freeway. It is named for Gaspar de Portola, California's first Spanish governor. He was first European to discover San Francisco Bay. Named by Assembly Concurrent Resolution 113, Chapter 217 in 1970. I-380 in San Mateo County is also signed as the "Quentin L. Kopp Freeway". Quentin L. Kopp represented the City and County of San Francisco in the California Senate from 1987 to 1997.
   	"Southern Crossing" The San Francisco Bay Crossings Study, dated June 2002, had construction of a new Mid-Bay Bridge (mistakenly called by some the "Southern Crossing", but the actual proposed Southern Crossing was further north) as Alternative 4. This bridge would have connected I-380 to Route 238 in the East Bay. This alternative assumed a connection between I-380 on the west end, just N of San Francisco International Airport, and Route 238. The connection would cross at one of the widest points in the San Francisco Bay. The overall length of the structure would be 13.5 miles, and be the 6th longest bridge, just behind Florida's Sunshine Skyway Bridge. It the main span was connected as 850 feet as proposed in the study, it would be the 5th longest orthotropic steel box girder span in the world. The crossing itself would consiste of the bridge structure from the East Toll Plaza to the apporaches at the I-380 interchange. There would be an east and west causeway, and a High Bridge spanning the shipping channel. The causeways would be trestle structures similar to the existing San Mateo Bridge. The SFO Airport Obstruction Clearance Line and glide path would preclude a cable-stayed, suspension, or extradosed type bridge; hence, the High Bridge would be comprised mostly of long-span precast concrete segmental box girders. These would have to be lightweight, as the girder structure would be at the maximum span range (750-850 ft) for this type of bridge in a high seismic region. The causeways would be approximately 12.1 miles long, with the high bridge being approximately 1.1 miles long. The capital cost estimates for this are phenominal: costs for the alternative, including the crossing, approach, right of way acquisition, and transit bus rolling stock, would run from $6.646 billion to $8.245 billion dollars, with operation and maintenance costs of $35 million annually. In September 2002, the CTC had on its agenda TCRP Project #11, requested by the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC), to fund $1.8M for completing the feasibility and financial studies for the new crossing alternatives. Other Status The interchange with Route 280 is "beefier" than usual because of the original planned continuation to Pacifica.

Approved as chargeable interstate in December 1968; Freeway.

In October 1958, the designation I-380 was proposed for the Embarcadero Freeway, which was later approved as I-480, downgraded to Route 480, and ultimately relinquished and destroyed.

• Cal-NExUS Exit Numbering: Route 380
• Western Exit Guide: Route 380 (Jeff Stapleton)
• I-380 Strip Chart (Andrew Tompkins)
  [XML support required]

• 3 Digit Interstates: I-380
• I-380 Strip Chart (Andrew Tompkins; XML Required)

[SHC 253.1] Entire route. Added to the Freeway and Expressway system in 1959.

Overall statistics for I-380:

• Total Length (1995): 3 miles traversable; 4 miles unconstructed.
• Average Daily Traffic (1992): 113,000 to 131,000
• Milage Classification: Rural: 1; Sm. Urban: 0; Urbanized: 6.
• Previous Federal Aid Milage: FAI: 3 mi.
• Functional Classification: Prin. Arterial: 3 mi.
• Counties Traversed: San Mateo.

1. From Route 15 near Cajon Pass to the Nevada state line passing near Little Lake, Independence, Bridgeport, and Coleville.

   
   

   	In 1963, Route 395 was defined as "(a) San Diego to Route 10 near San Bernardino via Temecula and passing near Riverside. (b) Route 15 near Cajon Pass to the Nevada state line passing near Little Lake, Independence, Bridgeport, and Coleville. (c) Nevada state line northwest of Reno to the Oregon state line near New Pine Creek via Alturas." In 1969, Chapter 294 transferred the routing that was (a) to other routes. The portion from San Diego to Route 103 [which became Route 15 in 1969] was transferred to Route 163; the portion from Route 103 (present-day Route 15) to Route 71 (present-day Route 15) was transferred to Route 15; and the portion from Route 71 (present-day 15) to Route 31 (present-day Route 15) was transferred to Route 215. Thus, the current segment (a) is the original 1963 (b). There are unconstructed but adopted portions from 3 mi S of Route 18 to 7 mi S of Route 58, and from the San Bernardino County line to 8 mi S of Route 178, for 44 miles parallel to the existing traversable route. Another planned freeway adoption was US 395 between the McGee Maintenance Station south to Crowley Lake Dam Road, adopted at the same time before the 1964 renumbering. This was built as an expressway (with one interchange); Old US 395 became "Crowley Lake Road".
   	Before 1964, US 395 had the following legislative routes and signing: Between US 101 (present-day I-5) in San Diego and a point just S of the Mirimar Naval Air Station: This is present-day Route 163 and was LRN 77, defined in 1931. Route 71/US 395 started at US 101 near present day University of San Diego. It followed Linda Vista Road to current Route 163, then followed Kearney Villa Road to roughly the present day I-15/Route 163 interchange. A map from 1936 or 37 shows US 395, which would indicate that Route 71 was only signed as such for 3 years at most. Another source shows US 395 having been signed in October 1934. It is unclear if this segment was signed US 395; it may only have been Route 71. In 1934, the route of LRN 77 was changed. After the change, LRN 77 went down Fairmount and terminated at Route 12 on El Cajon Blvd. US 395 was contiguous with US 80 along LRN 12 until the terminus at Market St and 12th. LRN 12/US 395 was later extended west to Pacific Highway (in 1943) . A 1935 map showing routes to the California-Pacific Exposition in Balboa Park clearly shows several US 395 shields along Fairmount, El Cajon Blvd, and Park Blvd (the last two with US 80 shields also). The State Highway map of 1930 does not show Fairmount Blvd at all, but the State Highway map of 1934 does show Fairmount. Some route US 395 along Fairmont as late as 1948. At the time of this change, the start was also moved to have it start (with US 80) at US 101 in downtown San Diego, later the starting point for Route 163 (more information on this historical portion may be found under Route 163). It headed north on Park Blvd with US 80, then headed east on El Cajon Blvd. It split from US 80 at Fairmont Ave, heading north on Fairmont. It crossed the San Diego River just east of current I-15, then ultimately followed that routing north to Miramar Rd / Pomerado Rd. Thus, it appears (based on input from Steve Varner and Cameron Kaiser) that from 1934-1948, US 395 went north along 12th (Park) with US 80 from Market St and then cut over on A St and north on Park "again" to El Cajon, then left US 80 north on Fairmount (potentially meaning that the "interchanges" on Fairmount were originally part of US 395). Around 1942, US 395 appears to have been routed on Fairmount from Camino Del Rio, up what looks like the old Ward Rd, and then along Murphy Cyn Rd. Around 1948, it was routed to the current Route 163, with the freeway constructed in 1948.   Between a point just S of the Mirimar Naval Air Station and 2 mi N of Temecula: This is present-day I-15, and was LRN 77, defined in 1931. It was signed as Route 71 between Mirimar (Miramar) and Temecula between 1934 and 1939, when US 395 was first signed. US 395 followed what is now Pomerado Road from a point 3 miles north of the I-15/Route 163 interchange to the interchange of Pomerado Road/I-15 at a point just south of the Lake Hodges / San Dieguito River crossing near the southern city limits of Escondido. In Escondido until 1948-49, US 395 was routed 2 blocks to the east of Centre City Parkway along Escondido Blvd. Note how Escondido Blvd has many old motor court style motels from the 20s as well as art deco buildings from the 30s. Note that in the 1950s, US 395 followed four-lane Centre City Parkway. There is still a US 395 mile marker near the downtown area on Centre City Pkwy. Many 1950s era Googie-style cafes remain on this stretch of old highway. Lastly, note that Escondido Blvd (pre-1949 US 395) was actually called San Diego Blvd at the time, as noted on this page from the Escondido Historical Society. One correspondent notes that in 1939 & 1942, US 395 entered Escondido along Escondido Blvd; thence northeast along Grand Ave; thence northwest along Broadway; thence southwest along Mission Ave (old name Grant Ave) and out of Escondido toward Vista. The U. S. Army Corps of Engineers Escondido Quadrangle 1942 edition shows Escondido Blvd north of Grand as only a dry weather road, and California Highways and Public Works magazine September 1939 page 10 has a small scale map that shows US 395 entering Escondido along a street that is probably Escondido Blvd, then going east to another street that is probably Broadway, then north again. US 395 headed west along Mission Ave (former Route 78, now San Diego County Route S14), which turns into South Santa Fe Ave west of San Marcos. It continued to travel E/W along South Santa Fe Ave, and then turned north on Vista Way (San Diego County Route S13) to the current junction with Route 76, following it east. Just to the north of this junction there is a beautiful bridge over the San Luis Rey River (Bonsall Bridge), built in 1925 that was supplanted by a modern crossing in the late 1980s. US 395 followed the current routing of Route 76 to Bonsall, where it diverged from the state route, heading north on Mission Ave (San Diego County Route S13). There is another old US 395 bridge on the south side of Fallbrook that was bypassed with road improvements to South Mission. You can find a description here. Not far south of this bridge there is an old alignment of US 395 (between Fallbrook and Bonsall) that was bypassed called Hellers Bend. The road still has that name. In Fallbrook, US 395 appears to have followed the current routing of County Route S13 through town and made its 90 degree turn at the same place as Mission Ave does today. It then followed County Route S13 to a point less than 1/4 mile east of I-15. It rejoined what is now known as "Old Highway 395" in this area. Note that the current route of Mission Ave changed in the not-too-distant past. Today, Mission Avenue heads north into Fallbrook as "South Mission" Ave. Main Street splits from Mission, heading straight north, while South Mission jogs west, then heads north along what was once Hill Ave. After crossing Alvarado it becomes "North Mission." It currently makes a 90° turn to the east and becomes "West Mission" until crossing Main again after which it is "East Mission", and heads east to the I-15. According to online maps like those on Yahoo, this is the path of County S13. However, if you look on Topozone at the 7.5 minute map, this routing does not exist on the 1968 Morro Hill quad. Instead, from both the topo map and historical descriptions from the Fallbrook Historical Society that are online, it appears that US 395 followed Mission north until it became Main Street, it then turned 90° east on what the topo calls Juniper St (now East Mission). It then jogged north, then east as Mission Road, following that east to the current "Old 395" near the I-15. Much of "Old 395" is still drivable. According to one contributor who lives in that area, Old Highway 395 in that area is still well traveled (and mostly well maintained), functioning mostly as a bypass around the border patrol checkpoint for local traffic. It parallels the southbound side of Route 15 for many miles (well before Route 76) then at/with Mission Road (Fallbrook) crosses over Route 15 to the North side of the freeway (via 2 90 degree turns), parallels I-15 for a few more miles until the Rainbow Valley Blvd exit. where it diverges somewhat and becomes a narrow windy mountain road (with some great vantages over the City of Temecula). Once everything levels out, it runs into Pala Road (sometimes "Pechanga Parkway") about 1/8 mile south of Route 79. South of Route 76, stretches are a narrow mountain road. The abandoned 40-foot Ostrich Creek Bridge in downtown Fallbrook is another relic of old US 395. US 395 diverged again to the south of the grade to Temecula Creek, following Rainbow Canyon Road, where it ultimately joined with current Route 79 (formerly Route 71). The current routing of I-15 was originally a four lane bypass of town, opened in 1949. A relic of the old routing are the two tiny country gas stations on Rainbow Valley Boulevard, their pumps long gone. Between 2 mi N of Temecula and Riverside: This is present-day I-215, and was LRN 78, defined in 1931. For a time it was signed as I-15E. This was part of Route 194 between 1974 and 1982. Note that, until 1950, US 395 was routed along the route of present-day I-15 from Temecula to the junction with present-day Route 74, then along present-day Route 74 to "D" Street in Perris, and then up "D" Street along present-day I-215. This is shown on some of the older maps. Between jct US 60/US 91 and jct US 60/US 395 (i.e., through Riverside): The route was cosigned as US 60/US 395, and was LRN 19 (defined in 1909). This is currently I-215, although for a time it was signed as I-15E. This was part of Route 194 between 1974 and 1982. Between Riverside and San Bernardino: The route was cosigned as US 91/US 395, and was LRN 43 (defined in 1931). This is currently I-215, although for a time it was signed as I-15E. This was part of Route 194 between 1974 and 1982. As the 1944 map shows, US 395 entered into Colton, where the routing dropped the cosigning with Route 18, and continued N along Waterman as LRN 31. Between San Bernardino and Devore: The route was cosigned as US 91/US 66/US 395, and was LRN 31 (defined in 1915). This is currently I-215, although for a time it was signed as I-15E. This was part of Route 194 between 1974 and 1982. Between Devore and 7 mi SW of Victorville: The route was cosigned as US 66/US 91/US 395, and was LRN 31, defined in 1915. Between 7mi SW of Victorville and the vicinity of Inyokern. The route was signed as US 395, and was LRN 145, defined in 1933. This is part of present-day US 395. Between the vicinity of Inyokern and Bishop. The route was cosigned as US 6/US 395 (and was formerly Route 7). This was LRN 23, defined in 1909. This is part of present-day US 395. Between Bishop and the vicinity of Topaz Lake. The route was signed as US 395, and was LRN 23, defined in 1909. This is part of present-day US 395. From Topaz Lake to the Nevada state line. The route was signed as US 395, and was LRN 95. This is part of present-day US 395, defined in 1933. East of the Route 203 interchange, "Old Highway" takes a routing paralelling Mammoth Creek for a bit and crossing it a bit northeast of the current US 395 expressway. It serves as a connection to several local roads, including a forest route along Antelope Springs Road. However, it is unclear if Old Highway dirrectly connects with existing US 395 (Mapquest shows it as doing so; MSN's map service does not). An "Old State Highway Road" parallels Route 120/US 395 from south of West Portal Road on the east side of Grant Lake all the way north to Oil Plant Road south of Lee Vining. (This is shown on Mapquest and on Compass's maps.)
   	In August 2003, the CTC considered relinquishment of the county road and frontage road portion of Route 395 between PM 90.9 and PM 99.6 (i.e., between South Fish Springs Road and Big Pine Dump Road) in the County of Inyo. Also considered was vacation of the right of way in the County of Inyo, between North Fish Springs Road and 0.25 mi S of the Town of Big Pine, that is a right of way superseded by construction on a new alignment. In September, the CTC considered relinquishment of right of way in the County of Mono (County), at Utility Road (County Road No. 3203), consisting of reconstructed and relocated county road. There are currently plans to realign US 395 near the cities of Oak Hills, Hesperia, Victorville, Adelanto and incorporated areas of San Bernardino County. This is based off of a draft EIR. The plan is to realign US 395 from the I-15/US 395 interchange to Farmington Road. The proposed US 395 Realignment Freeway/Expressway corridor to be evaluated is located either on existing US 395 or west of existing US 395, through the cities of Oak Hills, Hesperia, Victorville, Adelanto and incorporated areas of San Bernardino County. The entire proposed project length is approximately 45.0 miles long. There are four alternatives currently being considered: Alternate A: No Build. This Alternative consists of no change to existing facilities along the proposed project portion of the US 395 corridor. Alternative D: Existing Alignment. The Existing Alignment Alternative follows the existing alignment or a slightly offset alignment throughout the project limits. Alternative F: Realignment West of Existing Corridor. This Alternative proposes to realign the corridor from the I-15/US 395 interchange to Farmington Road. This realignment heads northwest in the vicinity of the Oak Hills Community and the Union Pacific Railroad, and then continues in a northerly direction just west of Caughlin Road within San Bernardino County limits and traversing the western portions of the City of Adelanto, where it converges back to paralleling the existing US 395 alignment for the remainder of the project limits. Alternative G: Realignment West of Existing Corridor along Oro Grande Wash. This alternative consists of a realignment detaching from existing the I-15/US 395 interchange, where immediately crosses the Union Pacific Railroad within the first 1½ miles heading northeast along the Oro Grande Wash. the realignment continues northeasterly throughout the western portions of the Cities of Hesperia and Victorville and follows in a northerly direction just west of Cuaghlin Road within San Bernardino County limits and traversing the western portions of the City of Adelanto where it converges back to paralleling the existing US 395 alignment for the remainder of the project limits. In October 2004, the CTC considered adoption of 2.6 kilometers (1.6 miles) of Controlled Access Highway for Route 395 from 2.9 kilometers (1.8 miles) south of Mazourka Canyon Road to 0.3 kilometers (0.2 mile) south of Mazourka Canyon Road in Inyo County. Currently, this segment of Route 395 is a two-lane conventional highway crossing generally level terrain. Cross-section consists of two standard 3.6 m (12 ft) lanes with predominantly non-standard 1.2 m (4 ft ) shoulders, where 3 m (8 ft) is standard. At the southern limit of the adoption, the route will connect to the recently approved Manzanar four-lane divided section (Resolution HRA-04-02 approved August, 2004). This segment south of Independence was not included in the Manzanar adoption, as it was an integral part of a possible Independence bypass alternative and subject to various alignment considerations. This bypass alternative had less than a 3% approval at public hearings and was ultimately rejected for the recently approved 4-lane improvement project through Independence. Current and twenty year projected Level of Service (LOS) for the existing facility is ‘D’, congested. The current and twenty year LOS for the proposed project is ‘A’, free flowing. The majority of the property through which this segment of the route passes is owned by the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, with little development adjacent to the existing or proposed right of way south of Independence. The route adoption proposes a controlled access highway on predominantly existing alignment from the northern end of the Manzanar four lane section adopted in August, 2004, to a point 0.3 kilometers (0.2 miles) south of Mazourka Canyon Road, at Independence. Construction is currently scheduled for FY 2007-08, based on programming in a 2004 STIP. ( ref) In California City, there is a proposal for a new road that would run from Muroc Junction following the alignment of Rosamond Boulevard at the Edwards Air Force Base north gate. The road would curve to connect with California City Boulevard at the curve just south of the city. It would then proceed north to connect with 20 Mule Team Parkway, which would be paved all the way to its current connection with US 395. This will provide a faster connection between Edwards AFB and the Naval Air Weapons Center. In 2007, the CTC did not recommend funding construction of the Olancha and Cartago Expressway ($107,600K total cost; $59,000K requested) from the Corridor Mobility Improvement Account (CMIA). However, the minutes from the 11/08 meeting of the Inyo County Local Transportation Commission discussed the five options for US 395's realignment (either expansion or a movement west). The main problem is the proximity of the LA Aqueduct. In July 2007, the CTC relinquished right of way in the city of Hesperia, at Outpost Road, consisting of reconstructed and relocated city street. The City, by relinquishment cooperative agreement dated April 16, 2007, waived the 90-day notice requirement and agreed to accept title upon relinquishment by the State. In October 2006, agentsteel53 posted an "old" US 395 at the original junction of Route 76 and US 395; information is available in his journal. In Independence, Caltrans is attempting to widen US 395. However, trees are in the way, according to an article in the LA Times. Specifically, Caltrans engineers say 100 trees are standing in the way of plans to widen a stretch of the route in Independence from two to four lanes and line it with about 400 feet of sidewalks. The project, they say, would improve safety and the flow of vehicles on the rural fringe of the community. The issue has its roots in Caltrans' decade-old proposal to widen US 395 to four lanes between Ridgecrest and Mammoth Mountain. The mile-long stretch, edged with dirt shoulders, is among the last to be expanded. In 2003 the Inyo County Local Transportation Commission, with the support of the City of Bishop and Inyo County, requested that Caltrans District 9 conduct a Bishop Area Access and Circulation Study. This study was published at http://inyoltc.org/pdfs/baacs.pdf. The basic goal was to develop a plan and alternatives to (1) Improve circulation and safety for all modes of transportation in the downtown area. (2) Accommodate commercial truck traffic for US 395 and US 6. (3) Plan for downtown improvements (i.e. landscaping, parking, pedestrian facilities, etc.) along with the rerouting of truck traffic. (4) Facilitate ground access improvements to the airport and its associated development improvements. (4) Keep services in Bishop visible for through-traffic on any route and have easy on/off connections. The plan notes that a bypass of the Bishop business district was considered in 1966 (see http://www.ca-bishop.us/Misc/07_1009_BAACS_Appendix.pdf) but traffic didn't justify it; the alternatives from that plan are no longer practical as the land is either privately owned and developed, or tribal lands. The basic recommendations of this study (which has not been adopted yet by the CTC) are: A two-lane eastern alternative truck route beginning somewhere between Gerkin Road and Schober Lane and connecting back to US 6 and US 395 at the Wye Road location. This new route should be developed as a City/County road to Caltrans standards in order to allow the City and County the option to exchange this route for Main Street/US 395 at sometime in the future. Improved access between the City and the housing areas to the west (i.e. South Barlow, Manor, McLaren, Highlands/Glenwood, Meadow Creek, Bishop Reservation, etc.). This recommendation includes the development of new local roads to provide options other than Route 168/West Line Street and US 395/North Sierra Highway to get into town. Improved City street alternatives to Main Street/US 395 that accommodates north/south movements of local traffic on either side of Main Street. Some other interim recommendations from the report include: better alignment of the Wye Road/US 6 intersection and the eventual reconfiguration of the US 6/US 395/ Wye Road intersection; the aligning of side streets off of Main Street/US 395 to create at least one more full four way intersection; extending See Vee Lane north of US 395; signalizing the See Vee/US 395 intersection; and defining access along the North Sierra Highway corridor with sidewalks and driveways. As of May 2009, Cameron Kaiser reports that most of the pass closure signs have been replaced with automated flashers, including the Caltrans-erected one in the Carson Valley, but there is still an old clapboard sign south of Route 89. There have also been significant widening projects. There seems to have been some widening and four-laning in the Antelope Valley, mostly between Topaz Lake and Coleville. The route is still one-lane-per-direction between Devils Gate and Coleville, and of course a fair bit south of Bridgeport and around Mono Lake. Repaving is taking place on the Sherwin Grade, as well as a big resurfacing project north of the Bishop city limits. The 4-lane project for Inyo is proceeding but in several distinct phases. The first phase from Black Rock to Elna Rd is apparently complete but now they're repaving the original (NB) lanes, so everyone uses the new southbound lanes. The rest area isn't done. There is a second phase from Black Rock to Independence which has some asphalt and grading work on its new NB lanes but is not nearly as complete. Independence's street widening project is in full swing. All of the sidewalks have been torn up and the traffic lanes shifted over while work is done on the original NB side. No paving or concrete yet but the entire new section(s) are fully graded in preparation for moulds. The final phase is from Independence to Lone Pine via Manzanar. This only looks just started; there is only grading existing on the new NB lanes, no asphalt and no bridgework (several of the channels will need culverts or bridges). The SAFETEA-LU act, enacted in August 2005 as the reauthorization of TEA-21, provided the following expenditures on or near this route: High Priority Project #624: Begin construction of a road from US 395 west towards Route 14. The specifics of this aren't given, but it could relate to the High Desert Corridor and the Cross-Valley Connector (see Route 138), which when combined with the I-5 to Route 14, and US 395 to I-15 segments, would complete the Metropolitan Bypass Freeway. The funding, however, is insufficient to complete this. $800,000. High Priority Project #1342: Construction of new freeway between I-15 and US 395, including new interchange at I-15. This is the last part of the High Desert Corridor (see Route 138). This will provide new highway access to the Southern California Logistics Airport. $4,000,000. High Priority Project #2427: US 395 Realignment and Widening Project. $400,000.
   	The portion of this route that was cosigned with US 6 (i.e., from US 6 in Bishop to Route 14) was named the "Grand Army of the Republic Highway" by Assembly Concurrent Resolution 33, Chapter 73, in 1943. The portion of this route from Route 108 to Bridgeport was named the "Sonora and Big Meadows Wagon Road" by Senate Bill 289 in 1901. It was also named the "Sonora and Mono Wagon Road" by Resolution Chapter 11 in 1901, and extended by Resolution Chapter 510 in 1919. Historically, the portion of this route from Route 14 to Bridgeport was part of "El Camino Sierra" (Road to the Mountains). The segment of US 395 from the southern city limits of Bishop to its intersection with Warm Springs Road in Inyo County is named the "Police Officer Richard Perkins Memorial Highway". Named in honor of Officer Richard E. Perkins of the Bishop Police Department, who was killed in the line of duty on August 15, 2001, when a truck struck his patrol car as he was making a turn in order to assist another law enforcement agency in pursuit of a possible drunk driver. Officer Perkins was an 11-year veteran of the Bishop Police Department, was highly respected in the community he served, and is survived by his wife Cheryl and three children, Andrew, Pauli, and Kati. He was the first police officer to die in the line of duty in the City of Bishop's 100-year history. He was dedicated to family, friends, church, and the community, and was known for his work with the Bishop Mural Society and as one of the founding members of the Bishop Police Mounted Unit. Named by Senate Concurrent Resolution 46, Chapter 53, May 5, 2004. Just off of US 395 is the community of Bodie. Bodie has been designated the Official State Gold Rush Ghost Town. Bodie was founded by Waterman S. Body in 1859, and rose to prominence due to mining in the nearby Comstock Lode. At its peak in 1879, Bodie boasted a population of 10,000 citizens and had a reputation for its wicked climate as well as its clientele. By 1882, the big strikes were mostly gone and with them the need to stay in Bodie. One hundred twenty years later, in 2002, Bodie is one of the largest and best-preserved ghost towns in the West. Designed by Assembly Bill 1757, Chapter 365, 9/5/2002. The segment of US 395 from the junction with Route 190 to Gill Station Coso Road in the County of Inyo is named the "Paul H. Pino Memorial Highway". This segment was named in memory of California Highway Patrol Officer Paul H. Pino, badge number 9735, who was killed in the line of duty during the morning of December 30, 2003. Paul H. Pino was issuing a citation on US 395 south of Olancha in the County of Inyo when an impaired driver collided into his patrol vehicle killing the officer; he succumbed to his injuries as a result of the collision. Officer Pino was born on August 26, 1955, in The Hague, Holland. He immigrated to the United States in 1960 and subsequently relocated to Carson, California. He attended and graduated from Carson High School in 1973; from Los Angeles Harbor College with a degree in Police Science in 1977; and joined the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department as a Deputy Sheriff in 1977 and served in that capacity for three years. He joined the California Highway Patrol in August, 1980. After successfully completing his academy training, he reported to the South Los Angeles Area as an officer on January 8, 1981. Paul H. Pino made significant contributions to traffic safety and assisting the motoring public while assigned to the South Los Angeles, Barstow, and Bishop Area offices; in total, he served 23 years as a sworn peace officer for the California Highway Patrol and was known by his fellow officers for his dedication to the department and to the protection of the citizens of our state. Named by Senate Concurrent Resolution (SCR) 55, Resolution Chapter 50, on 5/9/2006.
   	This route also has the following Safety Roadside Rest Areas: Coso Junction, in Inyo County, 17 mi S of Route 190. Division Creek, in Inyo County, 10 mi N of Independence. Crestview, in Mono County, 1.6 mi S of Crestview. Additionally, there is a memorial marker at Post Mile 66.0 (San Bernardino County) in memory of CHP Officer Larry J. Jaramillo. California Highway Patrol Officer Larry J. Jaramillo died in the line of duty in a traffic collision on Route 395 at the Kern County San Bernardino County line, while returning from court in Inyo County on June 22, 1993. Officer Jaramillo joined the Department of the California Highway Patrol in 1985, after successfully completing training at the patrol academy where he received the outstanding athlete award for his class, and, upon graduation, he reported to Morongo Basin, as a state traffic safety officer in December 1985. In 1989, Officer Jaramillo tested and qualified with the department to become a fixed wing pilot and was assigned to the Inland Division Air Operations Unit stationed in Daggett, California. On December 8, 1992, Officer Jaramillo received the second highest award that the department may bestow, the Special Act Award, for his rescue of two young men stranded in the snow-covered mountains of Kern County during which Officer Jaramillo continued his search for the young men despite warnings of adverse weather conditions, endangering his life to continue the search until the men were found. Memorial authorized by Assembly Concurrent Resolution 173, Resolution Chapter 142, September 18, 2000.
   	The portion of this segment between Route 14 and US 6 was part of the "Midland Trail.
   	Ridgecrest: Signed on China Lake Blvd. and Inyokern Ave. This is cosigned with Route 178, except for S China Lake Blvd.. Riverside: Back when US 395 ran through Riverside (partially co-signed with US 60), it had a business routing along University Avenue, west on Mission Boulevard (current Business Route 60), north on Market Street (former US 91), and east on Columbia Avenue back to US 395 (current I-215).
   	[SHC 263.8] From Route 14 near Little Lake to Route 89 near Coleville.
   	[SHC 253.8] Entire portion.

   
   

2. From the Nevada state line northwest of Reno to to the Oregon state line near New Pine Creek via Alturas.

   
   

   	This segment remains as defined in 1963 as the original (c). The portion of this route between Alturas and a point 6 mi W (i.e., between the two US 395/Route 299 junctions) is cosigned as US 395/Route 299, although it is legislatively US 395.
   	This was signed as US 395, and was LRN 29, defined in 1919, from the Nevada state line northwest of Reno to Route 36 near Johnstonville. This was signed as US 395, and was LRN 73 (defined in 1931) between the vicinity of Termo and the Oregon state line.
   	Currently built to expressway standards for a stretch of 8 miles between the Nevada Border and Route 70. In May 2008, the CTC considered relinquishment of right of way in the city of Alturas, at Court Street, East Street, East A Street, and East B Street, consisting of reconstructed and relocated city streets.
   	This route also has the following Safety Roadside Rest Areas: Honey Lake, in Lassen County, 7.7mi N of Milford. Secret Valley, in Lassen County 12 mi S of Ravendale.
   	[SHC 253.8] From the Nevada state line northwest of Reno to Route 36 near Johnstonville and from Route 36 near Termo to the Oregon state line.

As of March 2008, the California Transportation Committee unanimously approved the designation of former US 395 as a historic route from San Diego to the Oregon border. It is still pending approval by the legislature and the governor. However, anticipating approval, San Diego County Supervisor Bill Horn approved $4,000 for the 31 signs that now mark old 395 in his district -- from Vista to the Bonsall Bridge, through downtown Fallbrook, to Rainbow.

On July 8, 2008, Resolution Chapter 79 officially designated specified sections of former US Highway Route 395 as Historic US Highway 395. The resolution noted that former US 395 was a scenic stretch of highway that ran through historic areas of the County of Riverside and provided the only direct route from San Diego to the Lake Tahoe region and northern Nevada, before heading back into California on its way north to Oregon and all the way into Canada. While former US 395 remains largely intact through the Counties of Inyo, Mono, Sierra, Lassen, and Modoc, only sections of former US 395 still exist in portions of the County of San Diego and the high desert area of the County of San Bernardino; most of the former highway route has been replaced by I-15 and I-215 in the Counties of San Diego, Riverside, and San Bernardino. US 395, which remains as I-15 and I-215, was the major and most significant connection between San Diego, the Inland Empire, and the eastern Sierra Nevada region. US 395 was known as the Cabrillo Parkway (and later the Cabrillo Freeway) in San Diego, now Route 163, it was the first freeway to be constructed in San Diego and opened to traffic in 1948. Part of the original routing of former US 395 in northern San Diego County includes the old Bonsall Bridge, one of the earliest automotive crossings over the San Luis Rey River, later becoming part of Route 76. The portion of former US 395 between Temecula and Lake Elsinore was part of the Butterfield Overland Mail route, the first major overland delivery service to southern California, established September 16, 1858. After its realignment eastward, former US 395 became the first major expressway and freeway system in the southern portion of the County of Riverside in the early 1950s, servicing the Cities of Temecula, Murrieta, Menifee, Sun City, and Perris. Today this is I-215. The portion of former US 395 between the Cities of San Bernardino and Hesperia, near modern US 395, traverses the Cajon Pass with old US 66 and old US 91, most famously used by the Mormons in 1851 in their crossing into the valley where they subsequently founded the modern Cities of San Bernardino and Riverside. The heritage in the regions through which former US 395 passed was greatly diminished when the former highway was replaced by suburban streets and I-15 and I-215.The Legislature hereby recognizes the remaining segments of US 395 for their historical significance and importance in the development of California, and designates those segments as Historic State Highway Route 395. Named by Assembly Concurrent Resolution (ACR) 98, Resolution Chapter 79, on 7/3/2008.

All of original US 395 (i.e., current Route 395 plus parts of I-15, I-215, and Route 163) was part of the "Three Flags Highway".

• Cal-NExUS Exit Numbering: Route 395 North
• Cal-NExUS Exit Numbering: Route 395 South

• California @ AARoads: Interstate 15 (Andrew Field)
  • Interstate 5 to California 163
  • California 163 to Riverside County
  • Riverside County
  • San Bernardino County
• California @ AARoads: US 395 (Andrew Field)
• High Priority Corridors @ AARoads.com: U.S. 395 (Corridor 19)
• Finding US 6 (Casey Cooper)
• Finding US 395 (Casey Cooper)
• Roadgap: The Three Flags Highway: Old US 395 (Cameron Kaiser) <== This is a particularly good history
• US 395 Photographs (Mark Furqueron)
• US 80 Retrospective (Steve Varner)

This route (post-1964 US 395) was designated as a "Blue Star Memorial Highway" by Assembly Concurrent Resolution 112, Ch. 143 in 1984.

Overall statistics for US 395:

• Total Length (1995): 557 miles
• Average Daily Traffic (1992): 1,050 to 16,600
• Milage Classification: Rural: 549; Sm. Urban: 8; Urbanized: 0.
• Previous Federal Aid Milage: FAP: 557 mi.
• Functional Classification: Prin. Arterial: 557 mi.
• Significant Summits: Sherwin Summit (7000 ft); Deadman Summit (8041 ft); Conway Summit (8138 ft); Devils Gate (7519 ft).
• Counties Traversed: San Bernardino, Kern, Inyo, Mono, Sierra, Lassen, Modoc.

No current routing.

Until July 1, 1964, the following route was signed as US 399:

1. Present-day Route 33 between US 101 [LRN 2] in Ventura and Route 166 (LRN 57) 7 mi N of Ventucopa. This segment was LRN 138, defined in 1933.

2. Present-day Route 33/Route 166 (previously cosigned as US 399/Route 166) between 7 mi N of Ventucopa and Maricopa. This segment was LRN 57, defined in 1919.

3. Present-day Route 33 between Maricoa and Taft (previously cosigned as US 399/Route 33). This was LRN 138, defined in 1933.

4. Present-day Route 119 between Taft and US 99 (present-day Route 99). This was LRN 140, defined in 1933.

Signage of the route as US 399 dates back to around 1934. Note that, as of 1942, US 399 actually north cosigned with US 99 to end at US 466. This portion of US 399 was later relegated to Business Loop status in 1962, and became Business Route 99/Route 204 in 1964. However, the portion of former US 399 south of Brundage Lane (current parallel street to Route 58, the replacement for US 466) was removed from the state route in 1978; only the portion of former US 99 on Union Avenue from Golden State Avenue/Sumner Street south to Route 58 remains in the state system as Route 204. All of the route remains part of Business Route 99.

• Casey Cooper's Finding US 399 Page.

From Route 5 near El Toro to Route 5 near San Fernando.

This segment remains as defined in 1963.

The first section of I-405 opened in 1957, signed as Route 7. One of the earliest sections was in West Los Angeles, from Bellagio Rd to Santa Monica Blvd. The part west of I-605 was done before 1965; the newest section, near the southern junction with I-5, opened in 1969.

The following freeway-to-freeway connections were never constructed:

• NB I-405 to SB I-5 (Northern Merge). Rationale: Illogical Reverse Move. The angle between the two freeways is too acute.

• SB I-4055 to NB I-5 (Southern Merge). Rationale: Illogical Reverse Move. The angle between the two freeways is too acute.

This routing was LRN 158. The portion from I-5 in Orange County to Route 710 was defined in 1951; the portion from Route 710 to Route 90 was defined in 1947; and the portion from Route 90 to I-5 in San Fernando was defined in 1933. Before the freeway was constructed, LRN 158 also applied to pre-1963 Route 7 between the US 99/US 6 junction and Route 107.

The I-405/I-10 interchange was designed by Marilyn Jorgenson Reece, who was the first woman in California to be registered as a civil engineer. She died in May 2004. A South Dakota native who earned a bachelor's degree in civil engineering from the University of Minnesota in 1948, Reece moved to Los Angeles with her parents shortly after graduation. The same year, she went to work for the State Division of Highways, which later became Caltrans, as a junior civil engineer in Los Angeles. In 1954, after six years of required experience to sit for the Professional Engineer's Exam, Reece became the state's first fully licensed female civil engineer. In 1962, she received the Governor's Design Excellence Award from Gov. Pat Brown for the San Diego-Santa Monica freeway interchange. Shortly after, Reece became the Division of Highway's first woman resident engineer for construction projects. The three-level San Diego-Santa Monica freeway interchange, which opened in 1964, was the first interchange designed in California by a woman engineer. Reece told The Los Angeles Times in 1995 that she put her "heart and soul into it" and that she designed the interchange with aesthetics in mind. "It is very airy. It isn't a cluttered, loopy thing," she said, adding that specifications to keep traffic moving at high speeds necessitated the long, sweeping curves. The image to the right, excerpted from One Hundred Years of Progress, shows Reece and Thomas McKinley. However, the book referred to Reece as an Associate Engineer, with McKinley as a Resident Engineer, but did indicate that Reece supervised the I-405/I-10 interchange project. The view in the photo is looking N from what is roughly the National offramp on the I-405; you can see a sign for the Route 26 Olympic Blvd NB offramp that was removed as part of the project (likewise, the SB National offramp was removed)

San Fernando Valley

In September 2000, the California Transportation Commission considered a proposal (TCRP Project 51) to add an auxiliary lane and widen the ramp through the I-405/US 101 freeway interchange in Sherman Oaks. For phases 1 and 2, the request was for $4 million, with a total estimated cost of $34 million. The phase 3 request was $4.2 million. Phase 1 added a northbound auxilliary freeway lane from Mulholland Drive to Greenleaf Avenue, and was completed around January 2003. The third phase was completed in 2004 and widened the eastbound connector to the US 101 to two lanes. The third phase involves permanently closing the ramp that loops motorists from eastbound Ventura Boulevard onto the northbound I-405 near the Sherman Oaks Galleria. The reconstructed approach routes motorists onto southbound Sepulveda Boulevard and onto Greenleaf Avenue, where they will either drive through a tunnel under the freeway and onto the NB I-405, or stay in the right lane and connect to US 101. It was completed in late 2007. A link to an article on this construction, including a map, from the LA Daily News, may be found here.

There is also work afoot to address another problem at that interchange -- specifically, the connector between southbound I-405 and the northbound US 101. This might involve construction of an elevated two-lane connector. There are five options currently under consideration, some of which could affect nearby homes or take out part of the Sepulveda Basin wildlife refuge. The connection between two freeways is now just one lane and often backs up on I-405. The project would build a two-lane connector across the Sepulveda Dam spillway, and could possibly include changes to southbound I-405 and the southbound US-101 interchange, and the Burbank Boulevard on-and-off-ramps. Built in the 1950s, the freeway connector was designed to handle up to 1,500 vehicles an hour but now has been swamped with 1,790 autos per hour by 2008. By 2015, morning rush hours are expected to draw up to 2,075 vehicles per hour to the freeway connector as the state population increases. One of the three possible alternatives reconstructs the Burbank Boulevard on-ramp to southbound I-405 to pass beneath the new two-lane connector, at an estimated cost of $86.4 million. However, Burbank Boulevard would lose access to both directions of US 101. As a result, the Los Angeles Department of Transportation opposes the plan. Closing that freeway access will send traffic farther down to Van Nuys Boulevard or through the congested intersection of Sepulveda and Burbank boulevards, said Ken Husting, a senior transportation engineer with LADOT. With this alternative, LADOT engineers want to see other roadway improvements to increase mobility, such as building a full interchange at Hayvenhurst Avenue to US 101. The other alternatives stretch into the 225-acre Sepulveda Basin wildlife refuge - home to various species of birds, from burrowing owls to red-tailed hawks and Canada geese - within the Sepulveda Flood Control Basin. A second proposal, estimated at $117 million, maintains access to US 101 from Burbank Boulevard, but it requires a new loop on-ramp that encroaches on 2.64 acres of wildlife refuge sitting north of Burbank Boulevard and west of I-405. The plan also requires reconstruction of the bridge between Burbank Boulevard and I-405. A third alternative, costing about $88.8 million (and supported by Homeowners of Encino) leaves access to US 101 open from Burbank Boulevard but takes 2.92 acres of the wildlife refuge. This plan excludes reconstructing an existing overcrossing between Burbank Boulevard. The Army Corps of Engineer oppose the 2nd and 3rd alternatives, as do environmental groups. The plans will be discussed at the June 2008 CTC meeting.
[Source: LA Daily News], May 8, 2008; Project EIR]

In September 2008, the CTC considered the above project for future consideration of funding. The cover information noted that the project will replace the existing connector by constructing a new connector/bridge over the Sepulveda Dam. The project is not fully funded. The project is programmed in the 2008 State Transportation Improvement Program with regional improvement program shares for $7,010,000 for environmental. The total estimated project cost is $165 million. Construction is estimated to begin in Fiscal Year 2013-14, depending on the availability of funds.

Sepulveda Pass

Northbound, there are plans to add an HOV lane between I-10 and US 101. In September 2000, the California Transportation Commission considered a proposal (Traffic Congestion Relief Program Project 39) to add the northbound HOV lane over Sepulveda Pass, from I-10 to US 101. Phase 1 of the proposal was estimated to cost $15 million, with a total cost of $336 million. This is TCRP Project #39, and has an estimated completion date sometime in the year 2016, with construction starting in 2006. The desired goal is 6 mix-flow and 2 HOV lanes in each direction, but initially there will be one HOV lane and five mixed flow lanes. It was requested by the LA County Metropolitan Transportation Authority.

The project will provide a continuous HOV system on Route I-405 by closing a gap in the current system. Estimates to add the HOV lane range from $500 million to $750 million. Work on the environmental phase of the project began in Fiscal Year 2000-01. Severe fiscal crises in the following years resulted in the temporary suspension of various transportation funding sources, including TCRP. Due to the prospective lack of funds to proceed beyond the Environmental phase, the Department delayed work on this project. However, with the appropriation of Proposition 42 funds, and $130,000,000 in new federal earmark funds (SAFETEA-LU), the environmental phase began. During this phase, the Department identifies individual segments for construction. The Federal earmark funds of $130,000,000, along with the remaining un-programmed $75 million of TCRP funds will be used to deliver one or more these segments. The schedule and funding plan are for environmental only. This phase is scheduled to complete in July 2008.

A 2006 bond measure provided additional funding for completion of the northbound HOV route system. This has gone through a lot of funding hurdles, especially in relation to funds from the 2006 Corridor Mobility Improvement Account. Originally, the project was not recommended because it was believed construction would start too late. The decision was later rescinded, and the project was approved for $730 million in funding. The total cost of the project is $950 million. As of March 2007, Caltrans had five proposals for this construction:

1. Alternative 1: No Build
2. Alternative 2: The widening of the existing facility to add a northbound HOV lane.
3. Alternative 3: The widening of the existing facility to add a northbound HOV lane and restore southbound freeway lane and shoulder widths to current design standards.
4. Alternative 4: The widening of the existing facility to provide for four HOV lanes (two each, both northbound and southbound) on an elevated viaduct, within the freeway median
5. Alternative 5: Transit Enhancement Alternative. This would involve design features that would facilitate increased transit use in the corridor.

Many of these alternatives are engendering quite a bit of controversy, especially Alternative 3, which would involve the taking of a significant amount of property, including churches, hotels, and multi-family residences in an affulent area. Specifically, Caltrans has noted that the most extensive plan (Alternative 3, about $911 million) takes up to seven Sherman Oaks homes and thirty Brentwood properties. This alternative is present because the narrower SB lanes have a higher accident rate. Alternative 2 (about $649 million) would still take the seven Sherman Oaks homes, and portions of about forty, and leave the southbound side of I-405 unchanged.
(Ref: Los Angeles Times)

In July 2007, Caltrans released a modification to the plan that appeared more acceptable. This modification would add a mixed flow lane SB between Skirball Center and Waterford St., close the SB I-405 on-ramp from EB Sunset Blvd, reconfiguring the intersection to direct traffic to use the SB entrance just N of Sunset Blvd., and realigning portions of Sepulveda Blvd. There would also be realingment of the Skirball Center ramps.There would also be relocation of the Valley Vista ramps SB. The option would also move I-405 east, permitting a simple narrowing of Church Lane, instead of relocation (and thus saving a lot of properties). In August 2007, the CTC approved programming $27,000,000 in new TCRP funds for Plans, Specifications and Estimates (PS&E) for this project, and changed the Phase 2 completion date to FY10/11. Without widening, traffic on I-405, described as one of the worst in the nation, is forecast to increase 46% from 2005 to 2031.

In February 2008, it was announced that Caltrans had decided on a plan that will result in only a few homes being taken, in the vicinity of Valley Vista Blvd. This appears to be the less-severe option (the July 2007 modification), which itself has had a few modifications.
[Source: LA Daily News, 2/25/2008]

In early 2009, it looked like the project might be out of luck, due to a $730 million shortfall. The project was supposed to begin in mid-May, largely paid for with bond revenue awarded in 2007. However, that money was temporarily rescinded in December 2008 as the Legislature struggled to close a $42 billion deficit. As of April 2009, the freeway project has about $378 million - including the $200 million in stimulus money - enough to continue the project for 15 months. About $13 million in local money and $48 million from a state traffic relief program are secured for the lane. The federal government has kicked in $117 million, separate from the stimulus money, contingent on construction starting in 2009. The LA MTA eventually decided to start the project, hoping that they could come up with the money later. Although the MTA has just a fraction of the project's $1 billion price tag, construction of the 10-mile northbound car-pool lane should begin in summer 2009. The project, approved by the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority board, is expected to create some 18,000 construction jobs and be completed in 2013. The MTA still needs to raise $614 million — money originally approved by voters in a bond measure but withheld by the state as it grappled with its massive budget deficit — to complete the project. In case the remaining money never materializes, the Metro board agreed to set aside $30 million to cover the costs of suspending or ending construction contracts. In early May 2009, MTA will award a $712 million construction contract to Kiewit Pacific Co. for the widening project. With $372 million in hand, there is enough money to keep the project going for 15 months. That will pay to relocate water, gas and phone lines and work on some freeway ramp widening.
[Source: LA Daily News, April 2009]

In April 2009, the CTC approved funding this project (as a loan against future bonds) from 2009 Stimulus funds.

West Los Angeles

There are also plans to widen the freeway and add HOV lanes between Waterford St and 0.5 km S of I-10. This section of the freeway was origianlly constructed on a fill segment between 1958 and 1963. It was an eight-lane facility consisting of four 12 ft lanes, with 8-10 ft shoulders and a 22 ft median. Later restriping reduced this to a non-standard 11 ft lanes, with the median being used to add two mixed flow lanes and a 4 ft non-standard half-median. The proposed plans (taken from the draft EIR) proposed widening the existing freeway to add an 11.8 ft HOV lane, and a 2 ft buffer next to the median. The five existing mixed flow lanes will be restriped even narrower as four 10.8 ft lanes and one 11.8 ft lane. A 9.8 ft outside shoulder, and a 3.3 ft half median will also be provided. To eliminate weaving conditions, two auxiliary lanes will be added. One will be added upstream of the SB off-ramp to WB Wilshire Blvd, and will include widening of the off-ramp. The second will be added between the SB I-405 on-ramp from Santa Monica Blvd and the SB I-405 off-ramp at Olympic Blvd. The current auxiliary lane between Santa Monica Blvd and Wilshire Blvd will be maintained. Additionally, the Waterford Street on-ramp SB will be closed. This project will require significant modifications to bridges, drainage facilities, electroliers and pull boxes, sign structures, fiber optic lines, etc. There may also be significant changes at the Wilshire Blvd and Olympic Blvd off-ramps. Alas, this won't be completed until September 2010. The total cost for this project is $74.4 million, with an estimated completion of August 2006 (although this date was not met). This is TCRP Project 52.

In June 2008, the CTC approved the selected alternative for the Route 405 construction. The alternative selected was Alternative 2: which widens the facility solely to add a NB HOV lane. This alternative will still take seven Sherman Oaks homes, and portions of about forty, but it will leave the southbound side of I-405 unchanged. The NB roadway will meet current design standards for lane, median, and shoulder widths except at the I-10/I-405 interchange and between Moraga Dr. and Sunset Blvd interchanges. Standard lanes consist of an 11' half median, a 12' HOV lane, a 1' HOV buffer, 5 12' mixed-flow lanes, and a 10' outside shoulder. The selected alternative would also widen the SB I-405 to meet current design standards for lane, median, and shoulder widths at certain sections. SB standardization would be within the following segments: Olympic Blvd and Waterford St, and between Bel Air Crest to the north end of the project. Local interchanges within the project limits would be reconstructed and improved notably at Wilshire Blvd, Sunset Blvd, and Skirball Center Drive. There is the goal that wall designs be compatible with the surrounding community. There are also plans to improve wildlift crossings.

Caltrans also plans to widen I-405 from ten to twelve lanes from Route 90 to I-10. This would add one HOV lane. There would be signficant changes in the Culver Blvd offramp in this proposal. The net effect was removing the previous NB exit that deposited Culver traffic at Braddock and Sawtelle; it was replaced by a direct offramp at Culver. A similar change was made for southbound traffic. Note that the Culver Blvd construction was nearing completion as of the end of 2008.

In 1989, the CTC relinquished roadway that predated Route 405 (i.e., former Route 7): Sepulveda Blvd between I-405 and Slauson.

Orange County

As originally constructed, there were problems with the new HOV connector ramps between I-405 and Route 55. It seemed that the bridge had cracks so severe that the bridge might not be able to handle the weight of daily traffic. The estimated repair costs would be 80% of construction costs for this bridge. The Orange County Register has additional details. The bridge was eventually repaired and reopened.

In December 2005, utilizing Measure M money, the OCTA authorized construction of HOV connector ramps between I-405 and Route 22 and between I-405 and I-605. This project, called the "West County Connector", received additional stimulus funding in 2009. Some state and federal funding for the $400 million West County Connector project had already been secured by early 2009. About $26 million of stimulus funding is recommended to go toward the project. Construction is scheduled to begin in early 2010 and end in 2013, and will create an estimated 12,000 jobs in the region.

In April 2007, the CTC considered approval of a Negative Environmental Impact Statement and approval of a public road connection for the Susan Street Ramp. This project would construct a northbound exit ramp about 0.4 miles beyond the Route 73 merge ramp onto I-405. The proposed exit ramp would connect to the southern extension Susan Street at the IKEA driveway intersection. The exit ramp is estimated to cost $1.5 million and is fully funded from local sources. Construction would begin in FY 2007-08. The proposed improvement will mitigate congestion by providing direct access from the northbound I-405 distributor road and diverting traffic from the existing Harbor Boulevard and Fairview Road interchanges to this proposed improvement at Susan Street. The proposed improvement is to construct a northbound I-405 off-ramp to Susan Street. Susan Street, a north-south arterial, is located north of I-405 midway between Harbor Boulevard and Fairview Road. The Susan Street off-ramp will begin 0.4 miles west of northbound Route 73 to northbound I-405 merge. The off-ramp extends 0.2 miles as a single lane and widens to three lanes at the ramp terminus. The Susan Street off-ramp will be braided below the Fairview Road on-ramp to northbound I-405. The proposed improvements will increase the capacity and improve operations of the existing Harbor Boulevard and Fairview Road interchanges.

In June 2007, the OCTA outlined a 5-year plan for the use of the 2^nd Measure M funds that included adding lanes on Route 91 between I-5 and Route 57 and between Route 55 and the Riverside County border; adding lanes on I-405 between I-605 and Route 55; a new NB lane on Route 57 between Orangewood Avenue and Lambert Road.

There are plans to add auxiliary lanes from Sand Canyon Road on-ramp to Jeffrey Road, and from Route 133 to San Canyon Road. July 2005 CTC Agenda.

The SAFETEA-LU act, enacted in August 2005 as the reauthorization of TEA-21, provided the following expenditures for this route:

• High Priority Project #28: In Huntington Beach, remove the Beach Blvd. off-ramp. Construct an additional mixed-travel lane on I-405 North at the Beach Blvd. interchange. $400,000.

• High Priority Project #317. Construct one additional all-purpose lane in each direction on I-405, and provide additional capital improvements from Route 73 through the LA County line. $2,568,000.

• High Priority Project #1609. Project Study Reports for I-105 and I-405 Interchanges at Los Angeles International Airport. $320,000.

• High Priority Project #2198. Avalon Boulevard/I-405 Interchange modification project, Carson. $4,800,000.

• National Corridor Infrastructure Improvement Program #18: I-405 HOV Lane. This refers to the major missing segment of HOV lane, northbound, between I-10 and N of US 101. $100,000,000.

• Transportation Improvement #20: Widen Northbound I-405 between I-10 and US 101 for HOV lane. $30,000,000.

This route is named the "San Diego" Freeway; the first portion opened in 1957; the last in 1969. It was named by the State Highway Commission on November 18, 1954. San Diego refers to the eventual southern terminus of the route (after all merges). The name refers to Saint Didacus of Alcalá, a Franciscan saint of the 15th century. The bay was named by Vizcaíno in 1602, the mission in 1769, the county in 1850 and the new city in 1856. The name was likely given to encourage people to take the I-405 bypass of downtown to go to San Diego (connecting with I-5 to the S).

The portion of I-405 between Rosecrans Avenue in the City of Manhattan Beach and Hawthorne Boulevard in the City of Lawndale is named the Martin L. Ganz Memorial Highway. It was named in memory of Martin L. Ganz, a police officer with the Manhattan Beach Police Department. Officer Ganz was a well-liked and respected Drug Abuse Resistance Education (D.A.R.E.) officer who took great care to teach the children of Manhattan Beach to stay away from drugs and alcohol. He was a member of the South Bay Regional Driving Under the Influence Task Force and prided himself on taking drunk drivers off the streets. On December 27, 1993, Officer Ganz was shot and killed in the line of duty while protecting the people and property of the City of Manhattan Beach. Named by Assembly Concurrent Resolution 145, August 19, 2004. Chapter 148

Before 1954, this route was named the "Sepulveda Freeway". Sepulveda refers to the boulevard that the route parallels, which was named for the Sepulveda family of early Los Angeles.

The portion of Route 405 from Howard Hughes Parkway to Mulholland Drive in the County of Los Angeles is named the "Nathan Shapell Memorial Highway". This segment was named in honor of Nathan Shapell, a builder of lives who was dedicated to helping others less fortunate. A survivor of the Holocaust, he was determined to not only rebuild his own life, but to help others rebuild theirs. For more than five years after World War II, he built a community for thousands of displaced people and survivors of the camps before emigrating to the United States in the early 1950s. Shapell built a highly successful real estate development company that is recognized as an industry leader and highly respected as a role model for corporate philanthropy. He dedicated a major portion of his life to public service. He was a past President and Executive Board Member of the American Academy of Achievement and served as a Member of President Reagan's Private Sector Survey on Cost Control. He founded and cochaired Building a Better Los Angeles, a one-time project that raised over $1 million for the homeless. In 1987, he accepted the position of President of D.A.R.E. America, a renowned drug abuse resistance education program. In 1992, Governor Pete Wilson appointed him to serve as a member of the California Competitiveness Council and develop recommendations to revitalize California's economy. Nathan Shapell's greatest public contributions were made through his 29 years of service on California's "Little Hoover Commission." As chairman for an unprecedented 18 years of this one-of-a-kind commission, he helped save taxpayers billions of dollars and improve the lives of hundreds of thousands of Californians in areas that include nursing home operations, children's services, property management, transportation, the Medi-Cal program, and public education. Nathan Shapell's commitment to service on behalf of the public was recognized in 1986 when Santa Clara University bestowed upon him an honorary Doctorate of Public Service degree. In 1987, Tel Aviv University awarded Mr. Shapell a Doctor Philosophiae Honoris Causa. He chronicled the early years of his life in his book, "Witness to the Truth". Mr. Shapell lived in Beverly Hills until his death on March 11, 2007. (What is interesting, perhaps because it was a rush job, is that the resolution doesn't mention that Mr. Shapell built loads and loads of homes in areas that were developed due to the freeways, such as the S.F. Bay area and Porter Ranch. Some might say that it would have been more appropriate to designate Route 118 between Balboa Blvd and Topanga Canyon Blvd in his honor.) Named by Assembly Concurrent Resolution (ACR) 73, Resolution Chapter 148, on 10/2/2007.

The I-405/I-10 Interchange is named the "Marilyn Jorgenson Reece Memorial Interchange". It was named in honor of Marilyn Jorgenson Reece, who was born and raised in North Dakota and earned a bachelor's degree in civil engineering from the University of Minnesota in 1948. Ms. Reece moved to Los Angeles with her parents shortly after graduation in 1948, and went to work for the State Division of Highways, which later became the Department of Transportation, as a junior civil engineer in Los Angeles. After six years of experience required to sit for the Professional Engineers Exam, Marilyn Jorgenson Reece became the state's first fully licensed female civil engineer in 1954. In 1962, Marilyn Jorgenson Reece received the Governor's Design Excellence Award from Governor Pat Brown for designing the I-10/I-405 interchange. Ms. Reece became the Division of Highway's first woman resident engineer for construction projects shortly after receiving that award. The three-level I-10/I-405 interchange designed by Marilyn Jorgenson Reece opened in 1964 and was the first interchange designed in California by a woman engineer. Urban critic Reyner Banham, author of <I>Los Angeles: The Architecture of Four Ecologies</I>, admired the wide-swinging curved ramps connecting the two freeways, and wrote that the I-10/I-405 interchange "is a work of art, both as a pattern on the map, as a monument against the sky, and as a kinetic experience as one sweeps through it". During her 35-year career, Marilyn Jorgenson Reece's projects included serving as senior engineer for the completion of Route 210 through Sunland in 1975—at the time, the largest construction project the Department of Transportation had ever awarded—at $40 million. After retiring in 1983, Marilyn Jorgenson Reece taught engineering classes at Cal State Long Beach; and during Women's History Month in 1983, the Los Angeles City Council honored Marilyn Jorgenson Reece for making significant contributions to the city. In 1991, Marilyn Jorgenson Reece received life membership in the American Society of Civil Engineers. Named by Senate Concurrent Resolution (SCR) 72, Resolution Chapter 96, on 8/15/2006.

The freeway interchange between Route 105 and Route 405 is officially designated the "Sadao S. Munemori Memorial Freeway Interchange". Sadao S. Munemori, an American of Japanese ancestry, served in the 100th Infantry Battalion of the US Army, a unit composed mainly of Japanese-Americans from Hawaii. This battalion later became part of the 442nd Regimental Combat Team, the most highly decorated unit of World War II for its size and time in combat. In March 1945, Private Munemori and his company were ordered back to Northern Italy to join forces in the final push against the Gustav Line, a fortified German position that had held up the Allied advance for more than four months. On April 5, 1945, the company came under murderous fire, and its commander, Lt. David Novack, and squad leader, Staff Sgt. Kei Yamaguchi, were severely wounded and Private Munemori took command and single handedly, using grenades, knocked out two enemy machine guns, giving his own life to save two of his comrades when he used his own body to shield them from an exploding enemy grenade. Named by Senate Concurrent Resolution No. 41, Chapter 131, in 1994.

The interchange of I-405 and I-110 in the City of Carson in the County of Los Angeles is named the "CHP Officer Merle L. Andrews Memorial Interchange". This interchange was named in memory of CHP Officer Merle L. Andrews, who was killed in the line of duty on December 20, 1967. Officer Andrews was attempting to arrest a man wanted in connection with a stolen vehicle, robbery, and kidnaping when the man opened fire on Officer Andrews, and Officer Andrews succumbed to his injuries as a result of the shooting. Officer Andrews was born on February 4, 1928, in Redondo Beach, California; his family settled in Compton where he graduated from Compton High School and attended Compton Junior College. He enlisted in the United States Navy serving from 1945 through 1949, and also followed in the footsteps of his father and brother by joining the Compton Police Department. He joined the CHP on July 8, 1958. After successfully completing his academy training, he reported to the South Los Angeles area on October 3, 1958. During his CHP career, Merle L. Andrews made significant contributions to traffic safety and assisting the motoring public and was known by his fellow officers for his dedication to the department and to the protection of the citizens of our state. Named by Assembly Concurrent Resolution (ACR) 20, Resolution Chapter 65, on 07/07/2005.

Approved as chargeable Interstate on 9/15/1955; Freeway. Originally, the California Department of Highways proposed this as I-9. In April 1958, they proposed it as I-3. They later suggested I-405, and that suggestion was accepted by AASHTO.

[SHC 253.1] Entire route. Added to the Freeway and Expressway system in 1959.

Commuter lanes exist or are planned for this route in the following areas.

Northbound:

1. Orange County, between I-5 and the Los Angeles County line (opened April 1990).

2. LA County, between the Orange County line and I-710 (opened October 1998).

3. LA County, between I-710 and I-110 (opened October 1998).

4. LA County, between I-110 and I-105 (opened October 1993).

5. LA County, between I-105 and Route 90. This project was on the CTC Agenda in February 2002 (actually, it was a 20 month allocation time extension). The estimated allocation amount is $3,279,000, with right of way costs running $1,912,000. It was completed in May 2007. To make room for the 11-foot-wide high-occupancy vehicle lanes, the shoulders of the freeway were narrowed and the lanes were re-striped.

6. LA County, between Route 90 and I-10 (under construction).

7. LA County, between I-10 and US 101 (see STATUS above).

8. LA County, from US-101 to I-5 (opened October 1996).

Southbound:

1. I-5 to US-101 (opened October 1996)

2. (2) US-101 to I-10 (construction completed as of January 2002 to a point between Wilshire and Waterford). See above for more details.

3. I-10 to Route 90 (under construction)

4. Route 90 to I-105 (opened in May 2007)

5. I-105 to I-110 (opened in 1993)

6. I-110 to I-710 (opened October 1998)

7. I-710 to Orange County Line (opened October 1993)

8. Orange County Line to I-5 (opened April 1990).

All lanes require two or more occupants, and are always in operation.

• Cal-NExUS Exit Numbering: Route 405 North
• Cal-NExUS Exit Numbering: Route 405 South
• Western Exit Guide: Route 405 (Jeff Stapleton)
• I-405 Strip Chart (Andrew Tompkins)
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• California @ AARoads: Interstate 405
• Environmental Impact Report for I-405 HOV Lanes
• I-405 Project Updates
• 3 Digit Interstates: I-405

Overall statistics for Route 405:

• Total Length (1995): 72 miles
• Average Daily Traffic (1992): 94,000 to 325,000; (2001) ...to 331,000
• Milage Classification: Rural: 0; Sm. Urban: 0; Urbanized: 72.
• Previous Federal Aid Milage: FAI: 72 mi.
• Functional Classification: Prin. Arterial: 72 mi.
• Counties Traversed: Orange, Los Angeles.